{"id":108816,"date":"2026-01-13T15:43:14","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T15:43:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/"},"modified":"2026-01-13T15:43:14","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T15:43:14","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7\">\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%8A%D9%8F%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%87%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%9F\">\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%87%D9%84_%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%83%D9%86%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A9%D8%9F\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A3%D9%86_%D8%A3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%8B%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%9F\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b6%d8%a8%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7\/#%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1_%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%9F\">\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a Remap101\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a Remap101 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/courses-list\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 410\/2022. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 (CSV) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629.   <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 45 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648&#8221;. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0648&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 BMW X5 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (ECU) \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (ECU) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u064b. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a (NRTR) \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 223 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c MVA7. \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646.   <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0633&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2025 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0641&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 (CPA) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0631\u063a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 1,750 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a &#8211; \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a.   <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0646\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 (C2M) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawinfochina.com\/display.aspx?lib=law&amp;id=3223&amp;CGid=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 16 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a.  <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 164. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640 16 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 95 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628   <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dlp.dubai.gov.ae\/Legislation%20Reference\/2023\/Decree%20No.%20(30)%20of%202023%20Amending%20Decree%20No.%20(29)%20of%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 30<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 10,000 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50,000 \u062f\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0640 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uaelegislation.gov.ae\/en\/legislations\/2687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 5014<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 45 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.   <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7\"><\/span><b>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631   <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1988\/53\/section\/76\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 76 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1988<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f &#8220;\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629&#8221;. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 &#8220;\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628&#8221; \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0632. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7\"><\/span><b>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50,000 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631&#8221; \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 61A \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a DPF \u0623\u0648 AdBlue\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%8A%D9%8F%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span><b>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0628 101<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0650\u0651\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a VTA \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 WinOLS \u0648Alientech \u0648Alientech \u0648Autototuner \u0648Magic Motorsport. \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 &#8211; \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.   <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A\"><\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-108789 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\" width=\"1000\" height=\"749\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene-768x575.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene-255x191.webp 255w, https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/international-vehicle-tuning-scene-600x449.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%87%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%9F\"><\/span><b>\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Alientech KESS3 \u0623\u0648 Autotuner \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.    <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%87%D9%84_%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%83%D9%86%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A9%D8%9F\"><\/span><b>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 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\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643.  <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A3%D9%86_%D8%A3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%8B%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%9F\"><\/span><b>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u061f<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 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style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4879,"featured_media":108790,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6822],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6822"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4879"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108816"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108816\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108790"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.remap101.co.uk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}